UTICAJ MENTALNE ARITMETIKE NA KOGNITIVNI I MOTORIČKI RAZVOJ DECE PREDŠKOLSKOG UZRASTA
Snežana B. TOMIĆ[1], Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju, Beograd, Srbija
Martina M. LUKAČ, Centar za razvojnu edukaciju „Malac Genijalac“, Kovačica, Srbija
[1] https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2900-9650, е-mail: snezilic@gmail.com
vrsta rada: originalni naučni rad
DOI: http://doi.org/10.65536/ufpz20-418903
Sažetak
Mentalna aritmetika, zasnovana na vizuelnoj reprezentaciji abakusa i motoričko-mentalnom izvođenju aritmetičkih operacija, sve više se koristi kao obrazovni i razvojni pristup u radu sa decom. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitivanje efekata tromesečnog programa mentalne aritmetike na pažnju, radnu memoriju, vizuospacijalne sposobnosti i finu motoriku dece predškolskog uzrasta. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 50 dece uzrasta od 4 do 6 godina, podeljene u eksperimentalnu (n = 25) i kontrolnu grupu (n = 25), u okviru kvazi-eksperimentalnog pretest– posttest dizajna sa paralelnim grupama. U oba vremenska momenta primenjeni su testovi vizuelne pažnje, radne memorije, vizuospacijalnih sposobnosti i fine motorike. Rezultati pokazuju da je eksperimentalna grupa ostvarila značajno veći napredak u domenu fine motorike, posebno u zadacima koji angažuju nedominantnu ruku, kao i u vizuospacijalnom praćenju i mentalnoj rotaciji oblika. Efekti na pažnju bili su umereni, ali u korist eksperimentalne grupe, dok su efekti na radnu memoriju bili ograničeni i manje izraženi u odnosu na ostale domene. Nalazi ukazuju na potencijal mentalne aritmetike kao dopunskog obrazovnog pristupa koji podstiče kognitivno-motoričku integraciju u ranom detinjstvu i otvaraju prostor za dalja, metodološki rigoroznija istraživanja u ovom domenu.
Key words: mentalna aritmetika, kognitivni razvoj, fina motorika, vizuospacijalne sposobnosti, predškolci.
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